Human papilloma virus vaccination is considered as a breakthrough in prevention of human cervical cancer. Human papilloma virus is able to cause malignant transformation of cervical epithelium. Harald zur Hausen was given the Nobel Prize in 2008 for this discovery. Vaccination is given to adolescent girls prior to onset of sexual intercourse. It has a 98 to 100% efficacy and is recommended at 11 to 12 years of age. It may benefit older girls as well, but is not recommended after the age of 26 years. 

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