Association for Study of Internal Fixation
Ankylosing Spondylitis International Federation

Ligamenta flava (singular – ligamentum flavum) are ligaments connecting the laminae of adjacent vertebra.

Ligamenta flava

Stable spine is one which after the initial injury does not get displaced further. The spine is stable when atleast 2 columns of the spine are intact.
Three column concept of spine stability

According to the three column concept, the spine is considered to have 3 columns:

Anterior
Middle
Posterior

The anterior column is composed of:

Anterior longitudinal ligament
Anterior half of vertebral body and intervertebral disc

The middle column is composed of:

Posterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior half of vertebral body and intervertebral disc

The posterior column is composed of:

Transverse process
Spinous process
Pedicle
Lamina
Faceted joints
Interspinous ligament
Supraspinous ligament
Ligamentum flavum

Spinal injury and Three column concept:

One …

Bones of the hand
(Click on  image for an enlarged view)
Swan neck deformity refers to a structural deformity of the hand in which

proximal interphalangeal joints are in hyperextension
distal interphalangeal joints are in hyperflexion

Commonly seen in injuries or inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis
Seen in 50% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Treatment is by surgical correction

Fracture of a bone in which the fracture fragments do not separate